... A notable feature of this fern is the abundance of long, parallel rows of sori—clusters of fern spores—adorning the undersides of its fronds, which ...

... D. kunthiana has numerous elliptical sori that are partially covered by clamshell-like indusia that open toward the pinna's midrib (Photograph ...

... A closeup view of the ripe sori on the undersurface of a laukahi frond; compare these to the still-developing sori in the header (Ripe sori photograph ...

... The sori of Cibotium menziesii, like the other Hawaiian Cibotium species, are ... indusia (an outgrowth of the blade that covers the sorus) are made up ...

... The sori of Cibotium chamissoi, like the other Hawaiian Cibotium species, are ... indusia (an outgrowth of the blade that covers the sorus) are made ...

... Ripe sori on the underside of a palai nui frond; compare this to the non-reproductive frond in the header photograph (Sori photograph courtesy of ...

... ʻAmaʻu has long linear sori on the pale underside of its fronds (photograph courtesy of Forest & Kim Starr CC BY 3.0 US) ...

... Mature Cyclosorus interruptus frond, upper surface. Close-up of the lower surface of a neke frond showing the V-shaped pattern of ripe sori ...

... The ripe sori of kūau are arranged diagonally on the underside of its pinnae (Photograph courtesy of Kyhl Austin CC BY-NC 4.0.) ...

... Sadleria pallida, like the other Sadleria species, has long linear sori positioned in the center of the pinnules. The indusia ...